Mitochondrial Aging and Age-Related Dysfunction of Mitochondria

Chistiakov DA, et al.  Mitochondrial aging and age-related dysfunction of mitochondria. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:238463. doi: 10.1155/2014/238463

Link to Original Publication:  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4003832/

myAACD Summary:

Age-related changes often observed in mitochondria are linked to poor mitochondrial health and function as we age. Mitochondrial DNA volume, integrity and function decrease as a result of oxidative damage and the accumulation of mutations caused by elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS). 

Markers of mitochondrial dysfunction in older individuals include lowered aerobic capacity, reduced oxidative phosphorylation (process in which ATP is formed), decreased ATP production, significantly increased ROS generation, and diminished antioxidant defense. 

Additionally, mitochondrial biogenesis (the growth and division of mitochondria) declines with age, as a result of altered mitochondrial dynamics, and mitophagy (the recycling of dysfunctional mitochondria) is reduced. Age-related defects in mitochondrial quality control and cell death mechanisms further weaken the function of mitochondria. Lifestyle habits that promote mitochondrial health – including dietary changes, calorie control, and regular physical activity – may slow mitochondrial aging and delay mitochondrial declines in older adults.